Vegetables include the taxonomically diverse plant families that are cultivated in a wide variation of horticultural conditions and techniques. In the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, advanced research works on vegetable plants have been conducted in a lot of laboratories to develop new varieties of vegetables and to improve their nutritional quality. Especially in several laboratories of our institute, plant genome sciences are actively incorporated into a DNA-marker assisted selection of disease resistant plants and into identification and utilization of useful genes. Graduate students of "Vegetable Genome Breeding" laboratory are able to perform their studies under the support of many professional research staffs using a high level of facilities and equipments in our institute.